According to this, it was described that ICI blocked the effects of ISO and PROP in other models [22,45]. reorganization of actin cytoskeleton increasing F-actin, p-COFILIN and p-LIMK. While ISO elicited a marked enhancement of cAMP concentrations and an increase of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, PROP did not. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis inhibition or -arrestin1 dominant-negative mutant abrogated PROP-induced cell adhesion and COFILIN phosphorylation. The fact that PROP has been proposed as an adjuvant drug for breast cancer makes it necessary to determine the specific action of PROP in breast models. These results provide an explanation for the Deracoxib discrepancies observed between experimental results and clinical evidence. and the recovered supernatant was evaporated and then resuspended in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 0.1% BSA for cAMP quantification. The Rabbit polyclonal to CDK5R1 data shown are the result of duplicates from at least three independent experiments. Deracoxib 2.8. Data and Statistical Analysis Experiments were repeated at least three times with similar results. Graph Pad Prism V.5 was used to perform statistical analysis as Students t-test, ANOVA) or KruskalCWallis followed by the corresponding post-test. A value of < 0.05 was defined as threshold. Differences were considered significant when < 0.05. 3. Results 3.1. Comparison of ISO and PROP Effect on Cell Proliferation and Cell Adhesion In order to compare the effect of the classic -adrenergic agonist ISO with that of the antagonist PROP, cells were incubated with these compounds (1 M) and cell proliferation and adhesion were analyzed (Figure 1). We previously described that PROP produces growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cell line growing in vivo. Here, we observed that ISO and PROP caused a significant decrease in in vitro cell proliferation of MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells (Figure 1A). In addition, both compounds increased cell adhesion in MCF10-A, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (Figure 1B). We also previously reported that PROP behaves, in some breast cancer experimental models, as a partial antagonist only when the agonist is present [11]. The effect of the incubation with both ISO and PROP on cell adhesion and proliferation in all the cell lines analyzed was the same as that produced by each of them separately (Figure 1). Tumor cells were included in order to assess if PROP also behaved as agonist in these cells. To further describe this PROP effect, MCF-10A cells were incubated with ICI-118551 (ICI, a 2-AR pure selective antagonist). ICI was able to reverse the agonist effect and PROP effect, suggesting an agonist action of PROP via the 2-AR subtype. Open in a separate window Figure 1 Effect of isoproterenol (ISO, 1 M)) and propranolol (PROP, 1 M) on cell proliferation and cell adhesion of tumor and non-tumor breast cells. Deracoxib (A) Cells were incubated with ISO, PROP or both and cell proliferation was measured in MCF-10A and MCF-7 cells. (B) Effect of ISO and/or PROP on cell adhesion of MCF-10, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. (C) Effect of a 2-AR selective antagonist ICI-118551 (ICI, 10 M) on ISO or PROP effect on MCF-10A cell proliferation or cell adhesion. ICI was pre-incubated 20 min before ISO or PROP treatment. Statistical significance was assessed using ANOVA and Bonferronis test or KruskallCWallisCDunns Multiple Comparison Test. * < 0.05. Data are representative of three independent experiments. 3.2. Actin Reorganization Induced Deracoxib by ISO and PROP Given the multitude of pathways triggered after -AR activation, we focused on the molecular signaling pathways involved in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in non-tumor cells, as it is linked to cell adhesion. ISO and PROP augmented the size of the attached cell area (Figure 2A, the scale is the same for every photograph). The incubation with both ISO and PROP quickly reorganized actin cytoskeleton. An evident and significant reduction of the number of filopodia and lamellipodia was observed after ISO and PROP treatment (68% and 82% of reduction respectively compared to control, Figure 2B). To study the specific extracellular matrix protein to which the agonist adheres, adhesion essays over glasses.
